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Apple Reference & Presen…rary 8 (Internal Edition)
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Apple R&P Lib Internal v8.0.iso
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Apple Computer Inc.
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Industry Competition
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IBM
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New IBM 486 Systems
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1990-06-24
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239 lines
Apple Competitive Analysis ROMlink
_______________________________________________________________________________
IBM Finally Launches “Real” 486 Systems
___________________
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
On October 30th, IBM announced two new 486-based models and four new
configurations of the PS/2 Models 80 and 65sx. IBM also announced new
peripherals, RAM upgrades and version 1.3 of OS/2. It reduced prices 10-25% on
certain configurations of the Model 70 and 80 and cut the price of the 486/25
Power Platform card by more than 50% to $1,900.
The new Model 90 is a desktop 486 system; the Model 95 is a floorstanding unit.
There are six models that range in price from $12,495 to $17,745. They are
IBM’s first real 486 models rather than 486 add-ons to existing 386 machines.
IBM is coming in 18 months after the first 486 boxes were announced by ALR and
12 months after Compaq shipped its 486 box. The Model 90/95s are rather
expensive and will probably do best in IBM’s main accounts. All configurations
are available immediately.
The two key new technologies in the this announcement are XGA, a new higher-
resolution, higher-performance video standard; and higher-speed external SCSI
expansion boxes.
______________________________
PRODUCT & PRICING INFORMATION
CPUs:
Two new PS/2 members--the PS/2 Model 95 XP 486 and the PS/2 Model 90 XP 486
--are available with either a 25 megahertz (MHz) or 33 MHz processors.
The Model 90 is a desktop unit featuring:
• RAM: 4 to 32 MB of 70, 80 or 85 ns RAM on the motherboard with 64-bit
datapath to and from the processor
• 256 KB Cache
• 1.44 MB 3.5-inch floppy drive with controller for up to 3 drives
• SCSI Busmaster controller card with 512 KB cache
• choice of 80, 160 or 320 MB internal SCSI hard disk
• 3 open 32-bit MicroChannel slots, 4 device bays
• XGA video (1024 x 768 pixels by 256 colors) integrated on system board
• 2 serial DMA ports, 1 parallel DMA port, mouse and keyboard ports.
Prices and configurations are as follows:
• Model 90-OKD, 33 MHz 486, 320 MB hard disk, $16,695
• Model 90-OJ9, 25 MHz 486, 160 MB hard disk, $13,095
• Model 90-OJ5, 25 MHz 486, 80 MB hard disk, $12,495.
The PS/2 Model 95 is a tower or floorstanding unit designed for file server or
engineering applications. It is very similar to the Model 90 except for:
• 160 or 320 MB internal SCSI hard disk
• 6 open 32-bit MicroChannel slots, 5 device bays
• XGA video installed on a card
• 1 serial DMA port, 1 parallel DMA port, mouse and keyboard ports
• selectable booting mode (a la “Startup Device” on a Macintosh)
Prices and configurations are as follows:
• Model 95-OKD, 33 MHz 486, 320 MB hard disk, $17,745
• Model 95-OJD, 25 MHz 486, 320 MB hard disk, $16,095
• Model 95-OJ9, 25 MHz 486, 160 MB hard disk, $14,145.
All of the above systems require a either an 8514 or 8515 monitor. These are
the only two IBM CRTs that will handle the new XGA video signal. The 15-inch
8514 costs $1665 and the 13-inch 8515 is priced at $950.
IBM also expanded the PS/2 Model 80 and Model 65 SX families to include
four new systems that deliver one-third more fixed-disk storage and 30% more
in fixed-disk performance.
VIDEO:
The IBM PS/2 XGA Display Adapter/A is a high-performance, 32-bit busmaster
video card, which is fully compatible with existing VGA software applications,
but offers a 90% performance increase, improved resolution of 1024 x 768 pixels
and up to 256 colors instead of 16 in standard IBM VGA. It has 512KB of VRAM
onboard. There is also a 512 KB video RAM expansion for the XGA adapter
available at $350.
While standard on the two new PS/2 Models, the PS/2 XGA Display Adapter/A is
available as an $1095 option for all MicroChannel-based PS/2s.
STORAGE DEVICES:
Several new peripherals were announced. Most interesting is the “PS/2 External
Enclosure for SCSI Devices”, an external storage tower for file servers. New
storage products include:
• 5.25-inch internal 1.2 MB floppy drive, $310.
• 3.5-inch 1.44 MB floppy drive, 1-inch high, $263.
• 80 MB internal SCSI hard disk, 17 ms access time, $1060.
• 160 MB internal SCSI hard disk, 16 ms access time, $1780.
• 2.3 GB SCSI Tape drive, 5.25-inch internal, $6550. The tape drive is
supported by Sytos Plus/IBM File Backup Utilities, OS/2 1.2 or higher
and DOS 3.3 or higher.
• PS/2 External Enclosure for SCSI Devices, a tower unit for up to 7
devices. It includes a single 320 MB drive and power supply for $6500.
OTHER OPTIONS:
• 486/33 Processor Complex Upgrade - a 33 MHz 80486, memory controller,
memory cache, I/O controllers, etc. Replaces existing processor board
in Model 90 or 95. Costs $2500 with trade-in of 25 MHz processor board.
• 2 and 4 MB Memory Modules, 70 ns, $565 and $1095.
• 256 KB Cache option, $1995.
SOFTWARE:
• OS/2 Standard and Extended Editions version 1.3, available end of 1990,
free upgrade for 1.1 and 1.2 users for 120 days. The Standard Edition
costs $340 and Extended costs $830. OS/2 1.3 is a "lite" version of
OS/2 that requires only 2 MB of RAM to boot. It is slightly faster than
previous versions of OS/2 and requires one less megabyte of memory that
the current version.
[NOTE: OS/2 2.0 (written specifically for the 386 processor) probably
won’t be available until mid-1991.]
• OS/2 LanServer version 1.3 is available in March 1991 and costs$1040.
Same free upgrade offer as OS/2.
• The PS/2 Modesl 90 and 95 are supported by DOS 3.3, DOS 4.0, OS/2 1.2
and OS/2 1.3, SCO UNIX System V/386 Version 3.2v2.0, Novell NetWare
Version 3.1, and Banyan VINES Release 4.0.
PRICE REDUCTIONS AND DISCONTINUATIONS:
IBM is discontinuing the sale of the PS/2 Model 80 121 and A21 configurations
on January 29, 1991 and the PS/2 44, 70 115 and 314 MB hard disks on December
27, 1990.
Prices were reduced on several older configurations:
Model Old Price New Price Change
PS/2 Model 70 (25 Mhz, 60 MB) $6895 $6245 9.5%
PS/2 Model 70 (120 MB HD) $7495 $6845 8.9%
PS/2 Model 70-486 (60 MB HD) $10,890 $8145 25.3%
PS/2 Model 70-486 (120 MB HD) $11,490 $8745 23.9%
PS/2 Model 80 (25 Mhz,120 MB) $10,695 $9645 8.9%
486/25 Power Platform $3995 $1900 52.5%
_________________________
TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
Fileservers:
IBM is now strongly competitive in terms of capacity and expandability.
However, it still lags behind Compaq and a few others in terms of advanced
techniques such as disk mirroring, cacheing and intelligent drive controllers.
And IBM still shows no sign of adopting any multiprocessing architectures since
it must protect its RS/6000 and AS/400 product lines.
Upgradeable Architecture:
The new models use a systemboard/backplane design that allows the CPU board to
be easily upgraded to higher speed processors or perhaps even different future
MPUs. Although this technique dates back to the old S100 bus in the late-70s,
it is becoming increasingly popular lately on high end PC systems from
companies like AST, ALR, Everex, NCR and Compaq.
Video:
The XGA video standard is a major step by IBM to leapfrog all the current video
offerings including its own 8514/A standard which hasn’t really caught on in
its 3 years. XGA supports 1024 x 768 pixels, non-interlaced at a 70 Hz refresh
rate. XGA is completely backward compatible with VGA. It can also be expanded
upward from the normal mode to 1280 x 1024 pixels. All modes support 256
colors on screen out of a 256,000 color pallette. These are the CURRENT
specifications listed by IBM. The important thing to know is that XGA is
designed to easily expand to 24-bit color and has special hardware for
high-speed line-drawing.
XGA will do much better than 8514/a because IBM is making it standard on the
Model 90/95 and it has an XGA option card at $1095, a much lower cost than the
original price of $1600 on 8514/A. Also, the timing is better--there is now a
clear demand for higher resolution video due to growth of DTP, engineering,
Windows and OS/2 applications.
_________________________
MARKETING/INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
Sales of 486-based PCs have been disappointing so far this year, largely
because these machines sport very high premiums over 386 systems and offer
little real benefit since there are no operating systems that really take
advantage of them. The high prices have chased away customers from
PC retailers, who sold a mere 1,400 486-based PCs in August, according to
Storeboard, a market researcher. That figure was up from a dismal 233 in
February. Of course, this only counts the name brand manufacturers--the
no-name clones are probably 80% of the 486 market.
IBM’s first real 486 systems should help kindle interest in 486-based PCs.
However, IBM’s pricing is very high--many “no-name” clone competitors have been
selling complete systems for as little as $4000. Compared to Compaq, IBM's
prices are very similar, but Compaq's DeskPro 486 systems are more expandable
on memory and slots and the SystemPro is faster with much more sophisticated
file server functionality. When compared with H-P, ALR and AST, the Model 95 is
about $3000 higher.
In addition, 486 prices are sliding down: Intel charges $722 for a 25
megahertz 486 when purchased in large volume, down from $950 16 months
ago. Intel charges $953 for its faster 33-megahertz 486, which sold for $1,056
when first released in May. So, IBM won’t be able to hold its pricing for
long. Look for price cuts within the first 9 months.
However, the new IBM systems should do well in the “True Blue” shops as well as
among graphics professionals in commercial, technical and publishing
applications areas.
____________
IMPLICATIONS
Video:
XGA sets a new standard in video. Although it is currently only 8-bit (256
colors on screen), its much higher resolution and speed will be a problem for
Apple in certain cases. In the short term, Apple can counter XGA, but only
with third-party solutions. In the longer term, Apple will need higher
resolutions and larger color screens.
SCSI Storage & FileServers:
IBM now has 3 tower models being sold and positioned primarily as fileservers.
In addition the introduction of the PS/2 External Enclosure for SCSI Devices
brings a new level of performance and capacity to the file server game. Each
unit can hold up to seven devices and the Model 90/95 can support up to 4
towers for a total of 9 GB of external storage. This puts Apple at a severe
disadvantage in fileserver situations. Every major vendor now supports drives
larger than Apple’s current 160 MB drive and most offer system units that
handle 3 to 6 internal full-height drives. Apple's third-parties will have to
come to the rescue again.
Apple’s advantage of built-in networking doesn’t cut it on performance in file
server situations. The new IBM’s will need to add a network card, but so does
Apple.
Overall:
Except for few fileserver situations, the new IBM’s are not likely to have any
effect on Apple sales. The IIfx is faster than 486-systems running graphical
interfaces as reported in the Ingram Labs performance benchmarks. Also, all
the Apple advantages previously discussed still apply. With the appropriate
third-party video and storage solutions, the Macintosh IIfx and future high-end
products should do well against the new IBM PS/2 Models 90 and 95.
_________________
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